African and Asia enslaved peoples trace back to 105 roots of origin – 41 locations in Africa and Madagascar; 19 locations in India, West and East Bengal and Sri Lanka; and 45 locations in Southeast Asia and China. These include a diverse number of ethnicities, cultures, and faiths.
African & Asian Enslaved Peoples
- 105 Roots of Origin -
Cape African Slaves
(41 roots of origin)
West & East Africa
Guinea; Cabo Verde; Angola; Tanganyika & Zanzibar (Tanzania); Kenya; Ethiopia/Somalia
Madagascar
Toliary Province: Morombe, Toliary, Bezaha, Cape San Marie, Tolerano, Mahavalona, St Augustine Bay, Amboasary;
Mahajanja Province: Cape St Andre, Mahajanga, Ambanja, Analalava, Anjanjavi, Vilamatsa;
Antsirana Province: Ambanja;
Toamasina Province: Bay of Antogil, Moroantsetra, Seranambe, Antanambe, Morondava, Isle St Marie;
Masbiekers - Mozambique Island Slaver Station
Mozambique, Malawi, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Congo, Swaziland.
Limpopo Province; Mpumalanga Province, KZN Province;
Mauritius and the Mascarene Islands: Also, slave-trading operational centres, but the enslaved were not indigenous people. These were halfway-stops for ships carrying enslaved from Africa and Asia.
Cape Indian Slaves
- Indian Sub-Continent
(19 roots of origin)
West Coast India, East Coast India, West Bengal, Bangladesh:
Surat; Mumbai; Goa; Cochin; Tuticorin; Malabar Coast; Kerala; Negapatam; Tranquebar; Pondicherry; Palicat; Masulpatnam; Coromandel Coast; Bay of Bengal; Kolkota; Dakha
Sri Lanka:
Colombo; Galle
Cape Southeast Asian Slaves
(45 roots of origin)
Mainland:
Myanmar (Arakan/Rakhine); Laos; Siam (Thailand); Vietnam (Tonkin-Hanoi); Cambodia; Malaysia (Malacca); Kwangtung China; Singapore
Islands: Indonesian Archipelago
Sumatra; Nias; Mannacabo; Padang; Djambi; Soekadana; Jakarta (Batavia)/ Java; Cheribon; Teagal; Semarang; Remban; Soerabaya; Bali; Soembawa; Bima; Soemba; Mangersi; Endeh; Saloor; Alor; Timor; Roma; Banda; Ambonya; Madoera; Flores; Sateir; Boeton; Sanpeng; Molaccas; Terenate; Sulawezi/Celebes/Makassar; Borneo
Elsewhere:
Philippines; Solomon Islands; Formosa (Taiwan); Deshima (Japan)
